December 5, 2024
Mnemonics

Community Medicine Mnemonics

  • June 15, 2011
  • 4 min read
  • 2704 Views

Community Medicine (Preventive and Social Medicine) also belongs to the course that you need to complete for medical careers. The subject although being a lot more easier compared to Basic sciences, people may find it pretty difficult to pass the exams. The main reason behind this fact is the negligence (studying only at the eleventh hour) and lack of interest towards the subject due to its nature. Keeping this in mind, I have compiled mnemonics available in the web, which can hopefully help you in your study and exams.

Preventive and Social Medicine Mnemonics

Diseases for global eradication

‘ Small Person is Mr. Dracula ‘

  1. Smallpox
  2. Polio
  3. Measles
  4. Dracunculiasis

Types of Vaccines

‘ STARK ‘

  1. Subunit
  2. Toxoid
  3. Attenuated (live)
  4. Recombinant
  5. Killed (inactivated)

Protein content of milk

  1. Human: ~1.1 %
  2. Cow: ~2.2 %
  3. Buffalo: ~3.3 %
  4. Goat: ~4.4 %

Polio vaccines

SalK : Killed Polio vaccine
OraL (Sabin) : Live Polio vaccine

Prevalance of disease

‘ PID ‘

Prevalance = Incidence x Duration

Antioxidant vitamins

‘ ACE ‘

  1. Vitamin A
  2. Vitamin C and
  3. Vitamin E

Uses of Normal human immunoglobulin

‘ HAM ‘

  1. Hepatitis A
  2. Measles prophylaxis

Diseases caused by Aedes aegypti

‘ Rosy Cheeks, Yellow Dimple ‘

  1. Rift valley fever
  2. Chikungunya
  3. Yellow fever
  4. Dengue

Live attenuated vaccines

‘ ROME Is My Best Place To go Yet ‘

  1. Rubella
  2. Oral polio vaccine (OPV)
  3. Measles
  4. Epidemic typhus
  5. Influenza
  6. Mumps
  7. BCG
  8. Plague
  9. Typhoid oral vaccine
  10. Yellow fever

Cereals and pulses and their lacking Amino acid

‘ CMPL ‘

  • Cereals + Pulses = Complete food.
  • Cerelas have Methinone and Pulses have Lysine.
  • When it comes to the deficient amino acid, just reverse it.

Passively immunized diseases with antisera

‘ DetecTive BRG ‘

  1. Diptheria
  2. Tetanus
  3. Botulism
  4. Rabies
  5. Gas gangrene

Suicide risk factors

‘ SAD PERSONS ‘

  1. Sex: male
  2. Age: young, elderly
  3. Depression
  4. Previous suicide attempts
  5. Ethanol and other drugs
  6. Reality testing/ Rational thought (loss of)
  7. Social support lacking
  8. Organized suicide plan
  9. No spouse
  10. Sickness/ Stated future intent

Poisson distribution formula

MNEMONIc: M to the Nth power times E to the Minus nth Over N factorial

Formula is: [(m^n) * (e^-n)] / n!

Accuracy of test: Sensitivity and Specificity

  • seNsitivity of a test: related to the rate of false Negatives.
  • sPecificity of a test: related to the rate of false Positives.

Hill criteria for Causality

‘ Clowns Pursuing Epidemiology Commonly Behind The Silly Samples ‘

  1. Consistency
  2. Plausibility
  3. Experimentation
  4. Biological gradient
  5. Coherence
  6. Temporality
  7. Strength of association
  8. Specificity

Recall bias

REcall bias is a problem with REtrospective studies and is based on ability to REmember.

Prevention: primary vs. secondary vs. tertiary

  1. Primary: Predisposing factors decreased
  2. Secondary: Severity decreased
  3. Tertiary: Therapy, Training

Cigarette smoke: major carcinogens

‘ PANT ‘

  1. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
  2. Aromatic amines
  3. Nitrosamines
  4. Tar

Nicotine and Carbon monoxide are Non-Carcinogenic.

Error: type I (alpha) vs. type II (beta)

Type I (Alpha) Error: “There Is An Effect” where in reality there is none.

Reliability

  • Random Error
  • REduces
  • REliability (REproducibility)

Causation

‘ Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) : check BP continuously ‘

  1. Temporal
  2. Specificity
  3. Strength
  4. Consistency
  5. Biological Plausibility
  6. Coherence

Vitamin B

‘ The RN Played Barcelona FC ‘

‘ TRNPBFC ‘

  1. B1 – Thiamine
  2. B2 – Riboflavin
  3. B3 – Niacin (nicotinic acid)
  4. B6 – Pyridoxine
  5. B7- Biotin
  6. B9 – Folic acid
  7. B12 – Cyanocobalamin

Assesment of Nutritional Status

  1. A : Anthropometric Studies
  2. B : Biochemical Studies
  3. C : Clinical Examination
  4. D : Diet Surveys
  5. E : Ecological surveys
  6. F : Functinal Status
  7. G
  8. H : Health and Vital Statistics

Polio Virus Strains

‘ OPV ‘

  1. type 1 : O = Outbreaks of paralytic polio
  2. type 2 : P = Potent antigenic strain
  3. type 3 : V = Vaccine associated polio

Notifiable Diseases

‘ Yellow CuP ‘

  • Yellow fever
  • Cholera
  • Plague

Prinicples of Primary Health Care (PHC):

‘ I ACE ‘

  1. I : Intersectoral co-ordination
  2. A : Appropriate technology
  3. C : Community participation
  4. E : Equitable distribution
About Author

Sulabh Shrestha

Intern doctor and Medical Blogger Sulabh Shrestha

7 Comments

  • g for growth charts Assesment of Nutritional Status

    • It’s not mentioned in latest Parks.

    • Nice man

  • NIce collection of mnemonics.
    For step by step, chapter wise lectures on Community Medicine, you can click at link-
    https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCy87VjqTirAhDajA6D2yCeQ.
    Also to participate in active discussion of Community Medicine, you can follow page Dr. Shiba Sethi Community Medicine made easy by clicking at this link- https://www.facebook.com/sethi137/
    BOTH LECTURES AND PAGE POSTS are made taking into consideration important points of every chapter for undergraduate exam and also to help in solving MCQ’s for NEET PG ASPIRANTS.
    BEST OF LUCK TO ALL..

  • good job!
    my contribution follows:
    10 steps Guide to Studying Community Medicine (PSM) during MBBS
    1. The first prof is generally very stressful for new MBBS entrants. The three main subjects are demanding enough.
    a. Hence expecting them to study Community Medicine also is too much in general. Some strong personalities can do it; they are encouraged to start from 1st prof itself.
    b. Others are advised to at least attend the lectures and try to grasp what is being taught.
    2. Start studying from 2nd prof itself. Find half to one hour a day from your studies for the subject
    3. Start reading the chapter on ‘Concepts in Health and Disease’ from standard textbooks (Presumably ‘Park & Park’, second chapter)

    4. Do attend lectures (and pay attention too!) if you understand some part of it. It makes reading the chapters much easier

    5. Collect previous 10 years question papers of
    • Annual examinations
    • Supplementary examinations
    • Pre-prof./ pre-university/ sent-up annual exam
    • Pre-prof./ pre-university/ sent-up of supplementary exam
    -Note down the often repeated short notes and long questions
    -Make a list of these
    -As you read the chapter-wise from the textbook, simultaneously read about these short notes (locating them in the book from the index in the last pages)
    -Prepare 3 to 4 short notes per day
    (Writing them down in a register would be excellent though most students find that to be too much botheration)

    6. Read epidemiology from the book ‘Epidemiology Made Easy’, Jaypee Brothers. Buy at: https://www.amazon.com/Epidemiology-Made-Easy-Tiwari-Poornima/dp/8184486391

    The book explains general epidemiology in a fun manner. By the time one finishes the book, one already has clear concepts
    Each chapter has two parts:
    I One main part for explanation
    II Second part titled as ‘Review’ for preparation just before an exam. Read only the first part initially and the book finishes fast. Read the second ‘Review’ part just before the first test/ viva on epidemiology.

    7. ‘Screening’ is given well in Park’s textbook. You can get an understanding from my lectures (Part 1 & 2) on ihatepsm.com. These lectures are free of charge and available at: http://www.ihatepsm.com/category/screening

    8. Biostatistics: from the book ‘Methods in Biostatistics’ Jaypee Brothers
    At present my website (www.ihatepsm.com ) has only a few preliminary lectures on bio stats and these are inadequate. I shall be adding more lectures in the near future.
    Some basic biostatistics is included in the practical book (Community Medicine) from Lippincott.
    http://www.flipkart.com/mastering-practicals-community-medicine-with-point-access-codes-english/p/itmdhe8a8ctupzgz

    9. For Practicals:
    I You must attend ALL the practical sessions
    II Attend ALL visits.
    III Read the relevant portion a day before the visit. That way you will understand clearer during the visits. Examiners have a knack of knowing if actually attended the visit.
    IV Take a photo if possible or make a drawing in your rough file of how each slide looks like. Most likely, a few of these slides will be kept for examination and these are sometimes weathered and unrecognizable especially under the stress of the exam.
    V Manual for Practical in Community Medicine is: ‘Mastering Practicals – Community Medicine’ from Lippincott; Buy at:
    http://www.amazon.in/Community-Medicine-Practical-Guide-Logbook/dp/8123923945
    Or
    http://www.flipkart.com/mastering-practicals-community-medicine-with-point-access-codes-english/p/itmdhe8a8ctupzgz

    10. If you follow this, in your 3rd prof, you will be ready to take on the subject.
    i. Read all the chapters
    ii. Read class notes
    iii. Listen attentively in theory classes and
    iv. Attend all the practical sessions
    I shall continue to develop interesting lectures till all the topics are covered. These are and will be available at http://www.ihatepsm.com
    Best of Luck

    • Great thank you,We will add it to the list.

  • helpful

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