Types of hypertension in pregnancy

Classification of hypertension in pregnancy:

A. Gestational Hypertension- without proteinuria or pathological edema
B. Preeclampsia – Hypertension and proteinuria with or without edema
C. Eclampsia – Pre-eclampsia complicated with convulsion and/or coma
D. Chronic Hypertension:
a. Essential hypertension
b. Chronic Renal Disease
c. Coarctation of Aorta
d. Pheochromocytoma
e. Thyrotoxicosis
f. Connective tissue disorders like SLE

E. Pre-eclampsia or eclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension.

Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ( PIH) is defined as hypertension that develops as a direct result of gravid state. Includes: Gestational Hypertension, Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia.

PIH: Primary 70%
Pre-eclampsia
Eclampsia
Secondary 30%

Pre-eclampsia superimposed on Chronic Hypertension

Pre-eclampsia superimposed on Chronic renal disease

Pre-eclampsia : is a multisystem disorder characterized by development of hypertension to the extent of 140/90 mm Hg or more with proteinuria after 20th week in a previously normotensive and non-proteinuric patient.

Eclampsia: Pre-eclampsia when complicated with convulsion and / or coma.

Gestational Hypertension: A sustained rise of Blood pressure to 140/90mmHg or more on atleast 2 occasions 4 or more hours apart beyond the 20th week of pregnancy or during the first 24 hours after the delivery in a previously normotensive woman is called gestational hypertension.