Surgery Archive

  During the 5th and 6th week of gestation, the human embryo possess a tail with 10 ­-12 caudal vertebrae which regresses by reduction in the number of vertebrae and fusion, leaving the vestigial coccyx. Hence, the true human tail is a vestigial structure and ...Read More

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder of glucose metabolism with hyperglycemia triggered by conditions associated with a relative or absolute insulin deficiency. Insulin is an anabolic hormone with profound effects on the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein. Less severe hyperglycemia is called ...Read More

Definition: Inflammation of the pancreas due to parenchymal autodigestion by proteolytic enzymes The clinical definition of acute pancreatitis, whether in the presence or absence of underlying chronic pancreatitis, requires atleast 2 of the following 3 features: Clinical assessment: Abdominal pain suggestive strongly of acute pancreatitis. ...Read More

ANATOMY OF APPENDIX Because of the variation in position, the appendix is said to be the only organ in the body without anatomy. However, the anatomy of vermiform appendix has been discussed in detail here. ETIOLOGY 1. White race > Dark race; Young males; ...Read More

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : Anatomy, Pathology, Causes, Clinical features, Diagnostic Tests and Treatment Anatomy of Carpal Tunnel: Carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway in the wrist formed by: Posterior side: 8 carpal bones Anterior side: Transverse carpal ligament Contents: 9 Flexor tendons Median Nerve ...Read More

A. Transfusion Reactions: May be allergic or hemolytic 1. Hemolytic reactions: can be acute or delayed Acute Hemolytic reactions: It is usely due to ABO incompatibility, there is intravascular hemolysis As low as 10 ml of blood can produce hemolytic reactions Clinically, patients presents ...Read More