A group of miscellaneous affections of the growing epiphyses in children and adolescents. Typically , a bony nucleus of the epiphysis affected by osteochondritis is temporarily softened and is likely to get deformed by pressure in this stage.
Osteochondritis is sometimes classified as-

Crushing type or Osteochondrosis
Osteochondritis dissecans
Tractions Osteochondritis or traction apophysistis

Common Osteochnodrites –

Perthes’ disease – Head of femur is affected
Panner’s disease- …

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : Anatomy, Pathology, Causes, Clinical features, Diagnostic Tests and Treatment
Anatomy of Carpal Tunnel:
Carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway in the wrist formed by:
Posterior side: 8 carpal bones
Anterior side: Transverse carpal ligament
Contents:
9 Flexor tendons
Median Nerve
Median Nerve Distribution in Hand:
Origin: From lateral and medial cords of brachial plexus
Motor innervation:
Lumbricals: 1st and 2nd
Muscles of thenar eminence: Opponens pollicis, Abductor Pollicis …

A. Transfusion Reactions:
May be allergic or hemolytic
1. Hemolytic reactions: can be acute or delayed
Acute Hemolytic reactions:

It is usely due to ABO incompatibility, there is intravascular hemolysis
As low as 10 ml of blood can produce hemolytic reactions
Clinically, patients presents with complains of pain and burning in vein and fever with chills and rigor, nausea and vomiting, flushing, chest …

Laparoscopic surgery
Due to convenience, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has now replaced open cholecystectomy as the first-choice of treatment for gallstones and inflammation of the gallbladder unless there are contraindications to the laparoscopic approach.
Several small incisions in the abdomen to allow the insertion of operating ports, small cylindrical tubes approximately 5-10 mm in diameter, through which surgical instruments and a video camera …