Excessive Menstrual Bleeding or Menorrhagia
Synonyms: Hypermenorrhea
Definition:
- Normally in each menstrual cycle 40-70 ml of bleeding occurs. Normally blood clots are also absent.
- Menorrhagia is defined , if in cyclical bleeding at normal intervals , excessive bleeding of more than 80 ml occurs or cycle is of excessive duration or if both occurs. Menotaxis is a term used to define prolonged bleeding.
Causes:
- Pelvic cause: Fibroid uterus (myoma), Adenomyosis, Pelvic endometriosis, Chronic tubo-ovarian mass, IUCD in utero, Tubercular endometritis, Retroverted gravid uterus, Granulosa cell tumor of Ovary.
- Systemic: Liver failure, Congestive cardiac failure, Severe hypertension.
- Endocrinal: Hypothyroid and Hyperthyroid states.
- Blood dyscrasias: ITP, Leukemia, von-Willebrand’s disease.
- Emotional upset: Functional component.
Treatment:
- According to the Cause
Summary:
- amount (>80ml/cycle) and/or duration (>8 days) of bleeding
- common causes: DUB, Fibroid, Adenomyosis, Chronic tubo-ovarian mass
- may lead to anemia
