Microbiology Archive

Problem Statement Zika Virus was first identified in a febrile rhesus monkey in Zika Forest of Entebbe, Uganda in 1947. Between Jan 1, 2007 and 17th Feb 2016, a total of 48 countries and territories documented Zika Virus transmission. From Nov-2015 to Feb-2016, a ...Read More

    The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family which causes viral hepatitis, a systemic infection affecting predominantly the liver and causing its inflammation and resulting in impaired liver function. The hepatitis C virus is a bloodborne ...Read More

Properties: Belongs to genera “lyssavirus” of family “rhabdoviridae” Bullet shaped Nucleocapsid shows helical symmetry ssRNA (single stranded RNA) virus Outer lipoprotein envelope contains protruding hemagglutinating peplomer spikes   Street and Fixed virus Comparison: Basis of difference Street virus Fixed virus Definition Freshly isolated viruses ...Read More

The burden of tuberculosis (TB) in India is the largest in the world with around 23% of the global 9.6 million affected people in 2014.While pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is the most common presentation, extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for a significant proportion of tuberculosis cases ...Read More

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex (MTC): Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium bovis Mycobacterium microti Mycobacterium africanum Mycobacterium canettii General Characteristics: Nonmotile, nonsporing and noncapsulated bacillus arranged singly or in group Has a complex peptidoglycan arabinogalactan mycolate cell wall that is approximately 60% lipid, resulting in acid-fastness, poor Gram ...Read More

2 Anatomic Categories: 1. Upper UTI: Acute pyelitis (renal pelvis) Acute pyelonephritis (renal parenchyma) 2. Lower UTI: Cystitis (urinary bladder) Urethritis (urethra) Predisposing Factors: Obstruction of urinary flow: Benign Prostate Hypertrophy, Calculus, Tumor, etc. Surgery: on the kidney or urinary tract Catheters: inserted through ...Read More