BIOLOGY

Group (A) Botany

1.   Introduction to biology

1.1      Scope of biology, fields of biology, life processes

1.2      Biomolecules (macromolecules & micromolecules)

1.3      Taxonomy

1.3.1   Two kingdom and five kingdoms system of classification

1.3.2   Binomial/trinomial nomenclature

1.4.     Structure, types and economic importance of virus, bacteria and lichens

2.   Biodiversity

2.1      Structure and life cycle of Spirogyra, Nostoc, Marchantia, Dryopteris, Cycas and Pinus

2.2      Floral diversity of Nepal

2.3      Forest conservation

2.4      Types of forest of Nepal & their management

3.   Morphology

3.1      Distributation, habitat, habit, root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit and seeds of families – Brassicaceae, Solanaceae, Papilionoidae, Asteraceae and Poaceae

3.2      Taxonomy and economic importance of families given above

4.   Cytogenetics

4.1      Cytology

4.1.1   Introduction, structure and functions of prokaryotic and eukarotic cells

4.1.2   Cell division – amitosis, mitosis and meiosis

4.2      Genetics

4.2.1   Introduction, Mendelism, Genetic material ( DNA & RNA), Mutation

5.   Anatomy and physiology

5.1      Anatomy

5.1.1   Types of tissues (meristematic, permanent and special types of tissues)

5.1.2   Internal structure of dicot and monocot leaf, stem and root

5.2      Physiology

5.2.1   Water relation – osmois, diffusion, anscent of sap and transpiration

5.2.2   Photosynthesis – mechanism and factors

5.2.3   Respiration – anaerobic and aerobic

5.2.4   Hormones – physiological effects of auxins, gibberllin, cytokinin and abscisic acid

6.   Ecology

6.1      Introduction, ecosystem (pond & grassland)

6.2      Biogeochemical cycle – nitrogen and carbon

6.3      Ecological imbalance and its consequences – green house effects, acid rain , depletion of ozone layer

7.   Developmental biology

7.1      Reproduction – vegetative propogation, sporogenesis, gametogenesis

7.2      Pollination, fertilization

8.   Application of biology

8.1      Introduction to biotechnology, tissue culture, concept of breeding techniques, disease resistant plants, biofertilizers, perticides

8.2      Genetic engineering and its application

8.3      Fermentation technology – alcoholic, antibiotics, organic acids

Group (B) Zoology

1.   Biodiversity

1.1      Kingdom – Protista – general characters and classification of Phylum – Protozoa upto classes with eamples

1.2      Paramecium caudatum – distributation, habitat, habit, structure and reproduction

1.3      Kingdom – Animalia – general characters and classification of Phyla – Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nemathelminthes Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata and Chordata upto clases with examples.

1.4      Faunal diversity of Nepal

2.   Anatomy and type study

2.1      Animal tissues – epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous, their structure, types, location and function

2.2      Earthworm and forg – distrubutation, habitat, habit, external feature, digestive system, respiratory system, excretory system, circulatory system, nervous system, reproductive system and economic importance.

3.   Human/rabbit physiology

3.1      Digestive system – alimentary canal, associated glands and physiology of digestion

3.2      Respiratory system – lungs, mechanism of breathing, physiology of respiration

3.3      Escretory system – kidney, urine formation, osmoregulation and homoeostaisis

3. 4     Circulatory system – heart, working of heart, blood groups, blood prssure, arterial and venous system

3.5      Reproductive system – male and female reproductive orgnas, associated glands, menstrual cycle.

3.6      Nervous system – CNS (Brain and spinal cord), PNS and ANS

3.7      Endocrine system – pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, pancreas

4.   Developmental biology

4.1      Gametogenesis – spermatogenesis, oogenesis

4.2      Fertilization, cleavage

4.3      Morulation, blastulation, gastrulation and neurulation

4.4      Coelom formation

4.5      Fate of three primary germinal layers

5.   Origin and evolution

5.1      Evolution – inorganic, organic

5.2      Inorganic evolution – origin of life, Oparin – Haldane’s theory, Miller – Urey experiment

5.3      Organic evolution – evidences of organic evolution

5.4      Lamarckism, Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism

5.5      Human evolution

6.   Environmental relations

6.1      Environmental pollution – air and water, sources, effects and control measures

6.2      Migratory behavior of fishes and birds

6.3      Adaptation in amimals – aquatic, terrestrial, aerial

6.4      Conservaton of wild life, wild life reserves, national parks, natural resources

6.5      Protection of the earth – human responsibility

6.6      Human population growth – consequences of over population, control measures

7.   Diseases

7.1      Smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse – symptoms, impact on health and society, rehabilitation, control

7.2      Malaria, ascariaris, typhoid, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS – mode of trammission, symptoms, control

7.3      Cancer – types, symptoms, control

8.   Medical technology and economic zoology

8.1      Test tube baby

8.2      Amniocentesis

8.3      Tissue and organ transplantation – skin, cornea, kidney, blood transfusion

8.4      Animal breeding

8.5      Fish farming, poultry farming

8.6      Antibiotics and vaccines

Group (A) PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

1.   Language of Chemistry and Chemical Arithmetic

1.1      Language of Chemistry

1.1.1   Symbols and formulae – atom, molecules, elements and compounds

1.2      Chemical Arithmetic

1.2.1   Dalton’s atomic theory and Laws of Stoichemistry: Postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory, Law of conservation of mass, Law of constant proportions, Law of multiple proportion, Law of reciprocal proportion, Law of gaseous volumes, Chemical calculations based on stoichiometry

1.3      Atomic Mass and Molecular Mass:

1.3.1   Definition, Mole concept, Calculation

1.4      Empirical, Molecular Formula and Limiting Reactants:

1.4.1   Derivation of empirical and molecular formula, chemical calculations

1.5      Avogadro’s Hypothesis and its applications:

1.5.1   Development, definition, application and deduction

1.6.     Equivalent Masses:

1.6.1   Concept, Gram equivalent weight (GEW), relation and determination of equivalent mass

2.   States of Matter

2.1      Gaseous State

2.1.1   Boyle’s law, Charles law, Dalton’s law and Graham’s law

2.2      Liquid State

2.2.1   Physical properties, Evaporation and condensation

2.2.2   Surface tension, Viscosity, Solution and solubility

2.3      Solid State:

2.3.1   Crystalline and amorphous solids, Water of crystallization

2.3.2   Efflorescence, Deliquesces, Hygroscopic, Seven types of crystal system, Simple cubic, face centered and body centered

3.   Atomic structure and Electronic theory of valency

3.1      Discovery, concept, Rutherford’s expt., Bohr’s model

3.2      de-Broglie equation, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle,       Probability concept, Quantum numbers

3.3      Pauli’s exclustion  principle, Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity, Aufbau principle and Bohr Bury rule, Octet rule

4.   Periodic Classification of Elements

4.1      Mendeleev’s periodic law and periodic table, Anomalies

4.2      Modern periodic law and modern periodic table, Advantage

5.   Oxidation and Reduction

5.1      Classical concept, Electronic interpretation, Oxidation number

5.2      Oxidising and reducing agent, Redox reaction

Group (B) INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

1.   Non-metals

1.1      Water, Ammonia, carbon, sulphur, Hydrogen sulphide, Sulphur dioxide, Sulphuric acid

1.2      Environmental Pollution – Air pollution, photochemical smog, Acid rain, water pollution, Green house effect

2.   Metal and Metallurgical Principles

2.1      Characteristics of metals, non-metals, metalloids, Minerals, ores and Metallurgical process

2.2      Calcinations, roasting, smelting

2.3.     Carbon reduction process, Thermite process, electrochemical reduction, Refining of metals: poling, electro-refinement

2.4      Important minerals deposit in Nepal

Group (C) ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

1.   Introduction to Organic Chemistry

1.1      Fundamental Principles, Nomenclature, Structure and Isomerism of Organic Compounds

1.2      Preliminary Idea of Reaction Mechanism

2.   Chemical Bonding and Shape of Molecules

2.1      Hybridization and Valence shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory  Valence shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory

2.2      Prediction of molecular geometry (Shape of molecules) on the basis of VSEPR and hybridization.(BeF₂­, BF₃, NH₃, H₂O, CH₄, H₂O, C₂H₂ C₂H₄ H₂S)

3.   Volumetric Analysis

3.1      Different ways of expressing the concentration of solutions

3.2      Titration

3.3      Standard substances and solutions (primary, secondary), Point (end, equivalence, neutral), indicators

4.   Ionic Equilibrium

4.1      Ionization of water and weak electrolyte (Ostwald’s dilution law), Degree of ionization and ionization constant

4.2      Acid base concept (Arrhenius, Bronsted Lowrry and Lewis)

4.3.     Hydrolysis of salts, Solubility product principle and its application, Common ion effects and its application

4.4.     Application of solubility product principle in qualitative analysis, Buffer Solution

5.   Alcohols and Phenols

5.1      Alcohols

5.1.1   Introduction, classification, nomenclature, isomerism, types, preparation (Lab and industrial) and properties

5.2      Phenols

5.2.1   Introduction, Preparation, Properties, test and uses

6.   Aldehydes and Ketones

6.1      Aliphatic Aldehydes and Ketones

6.1.1   Introduction, structure, nomenclature, isomerism, preparation, properties, test and uses

6.2      Aromatic Aldehydes and Ketones

6.2.1   Preparation, properties, important reactions

7.   Molecules of Life

7.1      definition, classification, structure, isomerism, properties, functions and significance of carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic acids and Enzymes

8.   Chemistry in Service to Mankind

8.1      Polymer – definition, natural and synthetic polymers, homopolymers and co-polymers, preparation of some polymers, PVC, polyethene, polystyrene, Teflon, Nylon-66, Bakelite and their uses

8.2      Dyes and drugs – definition, natural and synthetic dyes, names and structure of some common drug, drug addiction

8.3      Fertilizer – definition, chemical and organic fertilizers, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, fertilizer as pollutant

8.4      Pesticides – insecticides, herbicides, weedicides and fungicides (examples and their uses).

1.   Mechanics

1.1      General concept of physical quantities

1.2      Vector algebra

1.3      Laws of Motion, Application of Newton’s laws

1.4      Work, Energy and Power

1.5      Projectile motion

1.6      Circular Motion, Motion round a banked track and in vertical circle

1.7      Newton’s laws of gravitation, Variation of ‘g’ with altitude and depth, Satellites, Gravitational potential energy, Escape velocity, Black holes

1.8      Elasticity, Hooke’s law, Young modulus, Bulk modulus, Elastic potential energy

1.9      Oscillatory motion, Simple harmonic motions, Damped oscillation, Forced oscillation and resonance

1.10    General concept of surface tension and viscosity

2.   Heat and Thermodynamics

2.1      Concept of heat and temperature, Expansion of solid and liquid, Specific heat capacity, specific heat capacity of solid, Specific latent heat of fusion and its  measurements

2.2      Thermal conductivity and its determination by Searle’s method, Black body radiation, Stefan-Boltzmann law

2.3      Thermodynamic systems, First law of thermodynamics, Heat capacities of ideal gas at constant pressure and constant volume and relation between them, Isothermal and adiabatic processes for an ideal gas, Second law of thermodynamics

2.4      Hygrometry – Relative and absolute humidity, phase diagram and triple point

3.   Waves and Optics

3.1      Reflection & Refraction of light, Refractive index, Lateral shift, Minimum deviation through prism, Relation between angle of prism, minimum deviation and refractive index, Lenses, Combination of thin lenses in contact

3.2      Dispersion, Dispersive power, Achromatic lenses, Scattering of light, blue color of the sky

3.3      Optical instruments, Angular magnification, Compound microscope, Astronomical Telescope

3.4      Longitudinal and transverse waves, Progressive and stationary waves, Velocity of sound in medium, Laplace’s correction, Stationary waves in closed and open pipes, Harmonics and overtones in closed and open organ pipes, Resonance tube experiment, Laws of transverse vibration of a stretched string

3.5      Characteristics of sound, Intensity, loudness, quality and pitch, Beats, Doppler’s effect, Infrasonic and ultrasonic waves

3.6      Physical optics, Wave theory of light, Interference, Diffraction and Polarization, Coherent sources, Young’s double slit experiment, Diffraction grating, Brewster’s law

4.   Electricity and Magnetism

4.1      Coulomb’s law – Force due to point charges, Gauss law and its applications: Field of a charged sphere, Line charge; Potential due to a point charge, Electron volt, Capacitance of a  capacitor, Parallel plate capacitor, Combination of capacitors

4.2      Electric Currents, Drift velocity and its relation with current, Ohmic and Non-Ohmic resistance, Resistances in series and parallel, Electromotive force of a source, Internal resistance, Work and power in electrical circuits, Kirchhoff’s laws, Wheatstone Bridge circuit, Meter Bridge, Potentiometer

4.3      Magnetic field lines and magnetic flux, Force on moving charge, Force on conductor, Force and torque on rectangular coil, Ampere’s law and its application to i) a long straight conductor ii) a straight solenoid, Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction, Lenz’s law

4.4      AC through resistor, capacitor and inductor, Series circuits containing combination of resistor, capacitor and inductor, Series resonance, Choke coil

5.   Modern Physics

5.1      Electrons: Millikan’s oil drop experiment, Cathode rays and their properties; Motion of electron beam in electric and magnetic fields, Thomson’s experiment to determine specific charge of electrons

5.2      Quantum nature of radiation, Einstein’s photoelectric equation, Stopping potential

5.3      Intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductors, P-N Junction diode, Forward and reverse bias, Rectification, Zener diode

5.4      Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom, Spectral series, Excitation and ionization potentials, Energy level, de Broglie Theory, Duality, Uncertainly principle

5.5      Lasers – Properties and uses, X-rays: Production, properties and uses

5.6      Basic concepts of nucleus, Mass Defect and amu, Einstein’s mass-energy relation, Binding energy, Fission and fusion, Alpha-particles, Beta-particles, Gamma rays, Laws of radioactive disintegration, Half-life and decay constant, Health hazards and safety precautions

“Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital & Research Centre (P) Ltd. (GMCTHRC)” is a health educational institution located in Kaski District of Nepal. It deals with a national priority industry – a Medical College and Teaching Hospital.

The project is founded on its own land and is purely Nepalese ownership. GMC owns about 220 Ropanis (1 Ropani = 5625 square feet thus 11, 25,000 square feet) of land which satisfy the mandatory requisites of the affiliating university and the professional council.  The arrangement of infrastructures are made in compliance with the “Guidelines and Infrastructures Directions for Establishment and Operation of Private and Non-government Health Institutions, 2061 BS” published by Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal.

GMC proposes a total of 750 teaching beds in its hospitals. Providing excellent healthcare.  Charak Hospital and Research Centre Pvt. Ltd. with 300 bed capacity located in Prithivi Chowk, Ward no. 9 of Pokhara Sub-Metropolitan City is owned and managed by GMC as its general city hospital.

GMC will have another 450 bedded multi specialty, state of the herart hospital at Lekhnath Municipality-2, which is about 9 km from Pokhara city.GMC aims to be a centre of excellence in health education, service and research.

Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) and Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) are the focal courses for the institute. Other planned courses are Bachelor of Dentistry (BDS), Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy (B Pharma), Bachelor of Science in Medical Lab Technology (BMLT), Bachelor of Nursing (BN) etc.

The primary concern of GMC is to develop through education and training, compassionate, professionally excellent, ethically sound individuals who will go out as social and professional leaders in the delivery of promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative aspects of health care as well as in education and in research.

In the delivery of health care, GMC with its 300 bedded teaching hospital is providing high standard health services to the community at affordable prices.

The motto of our Charak Hospital is: “Patient’s benefit is our purpose and pride”, we are committed to innovation and the adoption of new, appropriate and cost-effective technologies for the promotion of health of the individuals and the community. We have a Social Care Unit in the hospital which is concerned for the disabled, disadvantaged, marginalized and vulnerable patients. The hospital allocates ten (10%) percent of free beds and provides medical services to financially weak patients. This hospital also keeps additional ten (10%) percent beds and medical services at subsidized rates.

In the area of research, GMC has been publishing its quarterly academic journal as it strives to gather knowledge in fundamental basis of health and disease in order to improve interventions or in optimizing the use of resources.

In its role as a centre of excellence in the healing profession, GMC looks for support and participation in its programs in education, community health services and research from like-minded alliance in Nepal and abroad, in a true spirit of partnership.

GMC Affiliation & Recognition:

The college is affiliated with the internationally renowned Tribhuvan University (TU), Institute of Medicine (IOM) Kathmandu, Nepal for the MBBS Course from the year 2010. The curriculum of IOM is followed by GMC.

Admission to the MBBS Program 2011-2012

Eligibility requirements for the MBBS course

AGE:

Candidate’s age must be minimum of 17 years and not exceed of 35 years of age at the time of admission.

QUALIFICATION:
•  Intermediate in Science or equivalent qualification from universities recognized by the Tribhuvan University within or outside Nepal with Physics, Chemistry, Biology and English as main subjects, or Ten Plus Two(10+2) with the principal subjects mentioned above. Equivalent courses are XII, ISc, GCE A level, IB etc.
• The candidate must have secured not less than 50% of marks on the aggregate of above subjects. Candidates other than those mentioned above will not be eligible to apply for the course.

How to apply

Eligible candidate can fill the application form provided by the college. The application form and prospectus can be received directly from GMC on payment of the requisite fees.

Category A:    Nepalese Scholarship Students

Are selected through an entrance examination conducted by the Ministry of Education and Sports. Ten percent (10%) of total seats are reserved for students under this category as per Nepal Government rules. These students are nominated directly by the Ministry of Education and sports.

Category B:     Nepalese Self Financing Students

These students must pass the entrance examinations conducted by TU. They must possess the basic qualifications. They then can fill the form of GMCTHRC for evaluation by selection committee headed by the Principal of GMCTHRC. If selected they are provisionally admitted subject to the final approval of TU.

Category C:     SAARC Students and Extra SAARC Foreign Students

They must possess the basic qualifications. They then can fill the form of GMCTHRC for evaluation by selection committee headed by the Principal of GMCTHRC. If selected they are provisionally admitted subject to the final approval of TU.

Sessions:

1. Admission – will be open till 16^th Nov 2010 (30^th Kartik 2067). Completed admission forms are processed on first come first served basis.

2. Class Begins – Nov/Dec each year.

Student selection procedure
The institution admits three categories of students. These are

1. Nepalese scholarship students
2. Nepalese self-financing students and
3. International students.

Academic Schedule for 1st Year MBBS

1. Classes begin 1st Mangsir 068(Nov 17th 2011)
2. Winter vacation: 15^th Poush 068to 15^th Magh 068(30^th Dec 2011 to 29^th Jan 2012)
3. Summer vacation: 15^th Jestha 069 to 1^st Ashad 069 (29^th May 11 to15^th Jun 11)
4. Community diagnosis: 25th Shrawan 069 to 24th Bhadra 069 (10^th Aug 12-10^th Sep 12)
5. Dashain vacation: 1st Asoj 069 to 30th Asoj 069 (18^th Sep 12 to 7^th Oct 12)

First year University examinations: The month of Kartik 069 (Oct to Nov 2012)

(Note: Above dates are according to TU declaration and may be subject to change)

By:

Dr. Nirmal Lamichhane
Academic Director and Assistant Prof.
Dept of Neuropsychiatry
Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Center Pvt. Ltd.- Charak Hospital.
Sanchaya Kosh Bhawan, Naya Bazaar, Pokhara, Nepal
Telephone: 00977-61-538595, 550253 (24 hours/day)
Fax: 00977-61-550254.
Website: www.gmc.edu.np
Email: nirmal@gmc.edu.np

Community diagnosis and district health management orientation program has been incorporated in the curriculum for providing community field experience.

For the list of KU affiliated Medical Colleges

The basic features of the curriculum are:

Basic Sciences

1. Anatomy
2. Physiology
3. Biochemistry
4. Microbiology
5. Pathology
6. Pharmacology

Community Medicine

1. Epidemiology
2. Biostatistics
3. Demography
4. Health education
5. Environmental health
6. Nutrition
7. Sociology

Clinical Medicine

1. Community Medicine
2. Forensic Medicine
3. Ophthalmology
4. Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)
5. Medicine (including psychiatry and dermatology & venereal disease)
6. Surgery (including orthopedics anesthesiology, radiology and dental)
7. Obstetrics & Gynecology
8. Pediatrics

Marks Distribution:

• The General Medical Council,
• Great Britain,
• The ECFMG -U.S.A.,
• The Sri Lankan Medical Council and Enlisted in the W.H.O’s World Directory of Medical Schools.

Recently, the college was inspected by the Medical Council of India (MCI) to give recognition Under Section 12(2) of the MCI act, 1956.

The college has excellent infrastructure and creating the best educational environment in the country having spacious class rooms, air conditioned library, clean hostels, hygienic canteen and furnished accommodation for faculty members.

COURSES OFFERED ARE:-

Super Specialty Programes:
D.M. Cardiology 3 Years
D.M. Neurology 3 Years
D.M. Nephrology 3 Years
M.Ch. Urology 3 Years
M.Ch. Cardio Thorasic & Vascular Surgery 3 Years

Postgraduate Programs in Basic Medical Sciences ( 3 Years)
M.S.    Anatomy    3 Years
M.D.    Physiology
M.D.    Biochemistry
M.D.    Pathology
M.D.    Microbilogy
M.D.    Pharmacology
M.D.    Community Medicine
M.D.    Forensic Medicine

Postgraduate Programs in Clinical Sciences ( 3 Years)
M.D.    General Medicine
M.D.    Paediatrics
M.D.    Anaesthesiology
M.D.    Radio- Diagnosis
M.D.    Dermatology, Venereology & Leprocy
M.S.    General Surgery
M.S.    Orthopaedics
M.D.    Obsterics & Gynaecology
M.S.    Otorhinolaryngology
M.S.    Opthalmology

Masters in Basic Medical Science Courses
M.Sc.    Biochemistry
M.Sc.    Microbiology & Applied Molecular Biology
M.Sc.    Physiology
M.Sc.    Anatomy

Undergraduate Nursing & Para Medical Courses
B.Sc.    Nursing
B.Sc.    Nursing (Post Basic)
B.M.L.T 3 year staff Nurse & Pharmacy Programs

Courses Offered : MBBS
Duration : 4 1/2 years + 1 year internship
Classes begins : August/September

Source: http://www.cmsnepal.edu.np

College of Medical Sciences
Address: Chitwan, Nepal
Tel: +977-56-521527 (Fax)
+977-56-524203 (Hosp.)
+977-56-523603 (Res.)
Email: info@cmsnepal.edu.np