Pros of being Doctor:

1. There are better options if being a doctor to you is just about money. But, good salary is definitely a pro of choosing your career in medicine.
2. Some people will argue that its like just any other job but still you will dedicate your life in healing, saving and changing lives of others. This job rewarded Shaman doctors with respect, good social status and prestige in olden times and so will reward to you now.
3. Better job opportunities as you are in demand wherever you choose to live.
4. Gives you lots of career options from the same education base.
5. The satisfaction you earn by helping others and saving lives
6. In this era of expensiveness, you will save yourself from medical costs of you and your family.

Cons of being Doctor:

1. You need to spend atleast 4-6 years in medical school followed by 1 year of internship and then 2 years of Post graduate (PG) programme. And then you may still want to go for super specialization.
2. You’ll study more than ever you have in your life.
3. Depending upon your speciality, you may be working nights and days for long hours.
4. You will be a student for life as you need to keep yourself updated by acquiring information from variety of sources.
5. You will get driven into legal issues by the patients even when you aren’t wrong.
6. The course is too expensive, if you’ll go under self-finance.

What after studying medicine?

1. Work at clinics, hospitals, health centers, etc.
2. Share your skills and knowledge by teaching in medical schools
3. Research about human body, diseases, developing new treatments, etc.
4. Work with NGOs, pharmaceutical companies, medical device manufacturers, health insurance companies.

Ask yourself to make decision

1. Do I enjoy helping people with my skills and knowledge?
2. Am I interested in how the human body functions?
3. Am I prepared to consistently study and work for long hours?
4. Am I ready to be a perpetual student and keep myself updated?
5. Can I dedicate myself over years of education and training?
6. Can I or my parents can afford the education (if I cannot secure scholarship)?

Answers to these questions will automatically answer your question “Is career in medicine for me?” Always remember to choose a career based on your interests, skills, work-related values, and personality so that you can avoid dissatisfaction with your job or switching career in near future.

“Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.” ― Confucius

“Failure ” I stress upon ” Failure” must not be a cause of another failure. Failure is a part of life, we have to learn to cope with it , learn from mistakes and give life a better stand in upcoming challenges. I’m not trying to take failure lightly, but instances when it couldn’t be avoided, failure in exams should not cost you another.

“Failing in Exams in Bachelors and Masters is common and it doesn’t matter later, if you can pick yourself back into the right tract. Certificates and Medals alone don’t make a Good Doctor, A good doctor is born  out of Hardwork, Dedication, love for this Profession, Patient care, Skill, Communication and importantly your power of Decision Making.

Exams are part of Medical students life and are a very frequent part. Students work hard but still success may not be on their part for many reasons.

” A child falls numerous time when it learns to walk, falling is never a cause of giving up, he stands and walks again and again, till he learns walking perfectly. The confident man or woman it later becomes comes out of what he/she has learned and from mistakes that has been corrected.”

This applies in everything else. So if you look back into history The Greatest People have failed initially and the were great because they could correct their mistakes.

Albert Eiestein was poor at maths but later developed priciples that rocked the foundation of Physics.

Charles Darwin: In his early years, Darwin gave up on having a medical career and was often chastised by his father for being lazy and too dreamy. Darwin himself wrote, “I was considered by all my masters and my father, a very ordinary boy, rather below the common standard of intellect.” Perhaps they judged too soon, as Darwin today is well-known for his scientific studies.

Thomas Edison: In his early years, teachers told Edison he was “too stupid to learn anything.” Work was no better, as he was fired from his first two jobs for not being productive enough. Even as an inventor, Edison made 1,000 unsuccessful attempts at inventing the light bulb. Of course, all those unsuccessful attempts finally resulted in the design that worked.

http://www.onlinecollege.org/2010/02/16/50-famously-successful-people-who-failed-at-first/

List of people joins the people who met success after failing.

• Billionaires: 25
• Millionaires: uncounted
• U.S. Presidents: 8
• Astronauts: 1 (Valentina Tereshkova)
• Nobel Prize Winners: 10 (6 Literature, 2 Peace, 1 Physics, 1 Chemistry)
• Nobel Prize Nominees: 11 (includes above and Heather Mills)
• Olympic Medal Winners: 8 (7 Gold Medalists, one Silver Medalist)
• Oscar Winners: 62
• Oscar Nominees: 104 (includes above)
• Other Award Winners: uncounted
• Best-Selling Authors: 55
• Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients (U.S.’s highest civilian honor): 14
• Congressional Gold Medal recipients (U.S.): 12
• United Nations Goodwill Ambassadors: 2 (Roger Moore, Angelina Jolie)
• Knighthoods: 27
• Damehoods: 3

Source 

What I mean is students should not get disheartened by Failing in Exams and completely lose all Hope. I know its a hard thing to cope, specially when you have to lag behind your friends, but this is real life. You have to face unforeseen problems.Failing may be out of Under-preparation, Anxiety or Nervousness or many times of Sheer luck.  Keeping all the Negative Aspects aside and those Inspirational People in front of you, Give it another shot and this time you wont fail.

Good preparation for Exams doesn’t mean ust Studying hard. You have to Broaden your thinking and look at all aspects. 

1. Is it the Handwriting?
2. Is it my way of Presentation?
3. Is it my speed that cause me miss question?
4. Is it my hastiness or Nervousness ?
5. Is it my lack of preparation?
6. Is it a particular subject that’s difficult for me?
7. Is it the Viva where I become dumb?
8. Is it my behaviour and puctuality in lectures ( Impression) ?
9. Did I argue with my Professors?
10. Was it the luck playing hard on me?

All these matter, and if you can localize on your short coming, you can find a solution as well. As a part of it, I leave it to yourself to solve the problem, when you can make a comeback , I promise your Confidence will make its Comeback as well.

 Authors words: This article in no way intends to Underestimate the pain and hardship a Medical students has to go through when they can’t find success in exams. I understand it, myself being a Medical student, I’m well aware about it. But I also have seen such strong people who never gave up and cameback each time Stronger than before. I salute them. This Article is intended to inspire those who really needed it. Hope it helped you.

BIOLOGY

Group (A) Botany

1.   Introduction to biology

1.1      Scope of biology, fields of biology, life processes

1.2      Biomolecules (macromolecules & micromolecules)

1.3      Taxonomy

1.3.1   Two kingdom and five kingdoms system of classification

1.3.2   Binomial/trinomial nomenclature

1.4.     Structure, types and economic importance of virus, bacteria and lichens

2.   Biodiversity

2.1      Structure and life cycle of Spirogyra, Nostoc, Marchantia, Dryopteris, Cycas and Pinus

2.2      Floral diversity of Nepal

2.3      Forest conservation

2.4      Types of forest of Nepal & their management

3.   Morphology

3.1      Distributation, habitat, habit, root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit and seeds of families – Brassicaceae, Solanaceae, Papilionoidae, Asteraceae and Poaceae

3.2      Taxonomy and economic importance of families given above

4.   Cytogenetics

4.1      Cytology

4.1.1   Introduction, structure and functions of prokaryotic and eukarotic cells

4.1.2   Cell division – amitosis, mitosis and meiosis

4.2      Genetics

4.2.1   Introduction, Mendelism, Genetic material ( DNA & RNA), Mutation

5.   Anatomy and physiology

5.1      Anatomy

5.1.1   Types of tissues (meristematic, permanent and special types of tissues)

5.1.2   Internal structure of dicot and monocot leaf, stem and root

5.2      Physiology

5.2.1   Water relation – osmois, diffusion, anscent of sap and transpiration

5.2.2   Photosynthesis – mechanism and factors

5.2.3   Respiration – anaerobic and aerobic

5.2.4   Hormones – physiological effects of auxins, gibberllin, cytokinin and abscisic acid

6.   Ecology

6.1      Introduction, ecosystem (pond & grassland)

6.2      Biogeochemical cycle – nitrogen and carbon

6.3      Ecological imbalance and its consequences – green house effects, acid rain , depletion of ozone layer

7.   Developmental biology

7.1      Reproduction – vegetative propogation, sporogenesis, gametogenesis

7.2      Pollination, fertilization

8.   Application of biology

8.1      Introduction to biotechnology, tissue culture, concept of breeding techniques, disease resistant plants, biofertilizers, perticides

8.2      Genetic engineering and its application

8.3      Fermentation technology – alcoholic, antibiotics, organic acids

Group (B) Zoology

1.   Biodiversity

1.1      Kingdom – Protista – general characters and classification of Phylum – Protozoa upto classes with eamples

1.2      Paramecium caudatum – distributation, habitat, habit, structure and reproduction

1.3      Kingdom – Animalia – general characters and classification of Phyla – Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nemathelminthes Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata and Chordata upto clases with examples.

1.4      Faunal diversity of Nepal

2.   Anatomy and type study

2.1      Animal tissues – epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous, their structure, types, location and function

2.2      Earthworm and forg – distrubutation, habitat, habit, external feature, digestive system, respiratory system, excretory system, circulatory system, nervous system, reproductive system and economic importance.

3.   Human/rabbit physiology

3.1      Digestive system – alimentary canal, associated glands and physiology of digestion

3.2      Respiratory system – lungs, mechanism of breathing, physiology of respiration

3.3      Escretory system – kidney, urine formation, osmoregulation and homoeostaisis

3. 4     Circulatory system – heart, working of heart, blood groups, blood prssure, arterial and venous system

3.5      Reproductive system – male and female reproductive orgnas, associated glands, menstrual cycle.

3.6      Nervous system – CNS (Brain and spinal cord), PNS and ANS

3.7      Endocrine system – pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, pancreas

4.   Developmental biology

4.1      Gametogenesis – spermatogenesis, oogenesis

4.2      Fertilization, cleavage

4.3      Morulation, blastulation, gastrulation and neurulation

4.4      Coelom formation

4.5      Fate of three primary germinal layers

5.   Origin and evolution

5.1      Evolution – inorganic, organic

5.2      Inorganic evolution – origin of life, Oparin – Haldane’s theory, Miller – Urey experiment

5.3      Organic evolution – evidences of organic evolution

5.4      Lamarckism, Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism

5.5      Human evolution

6.   Environmental relations

6.1      Environmental pollution – air and water, sources, effects and control measures

6.2      Migratory behavior of fishes and birds

6.3      Adaptation in amimals – aquatic, terrestrial, aerial

6.4      Conservaton of wild life, wild life reserves, national parks, natural resources

6.5      Protection of the earth – human responsibility

6.6      Human population growth – consequences of over population, control measures

7.   Diseases

7.1      Smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse – symptoms, impact on health and society, rehabilitation, control

7.2      Malaria, ascariaris, typhoid, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS – mode of trammission, symptoms, control

7.3      Cancer – types, symptoms, control

8.   Medical technology and economic zoology

8.1      Test tube baby

8.2      Amniocentesis

8.3      Tissue and organ transplantation – skin, cornea, kidney, blood transfusion

8.4      Animal breeding

8.5      Fish farming, poultry farming

8.6      Antibiotics and vaccines

Group (A) PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

1.   Language of Chemistry and Chemical Arithmetic

1.1      Language of Chemistry

1.1.1   Symbols and formulae – atom, molecules, elements and compounds

1.2      Chemical Arithmetic

1.2.1   Dalton’s atomic theory and Laws of Stoichemistry: Postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory, Law of conservation of mass, Law of constant proportions, Law of multiple proportion, Law of reciprocal proportion, Law of gaseous volumes, Chemical calculations based on stoichiometry

1.3      Atomic Mass and Molecular Mass:

1.3.1   Definition, Mole concept, Calculation

1.4      Empirical, Molecular Formula and Limiting Reactants:

1.4.1   Derivation of empirical and molecular formula, chemical calculations

1.5      Avogadro’s Hypothesis and its applications:

1.5.1   Development, definition, application and deduction

1.6.     Equivalent Masses:

1.6.1   Concept, Gram equivalent weight (GEW), relation and determination of equivalent mass

2.   States of Matter

2.1      Gaseous State

2.1.1   Boyle’s law, Charles law, Dalton’s law and Graham’s law

2.2      Liquid State

2.2.1   Physical properties, Evaporation and condensation

2.2.2   Surface tension, Viscosity, Solution and solubility

2.3      Solid State:

2.3.1   Crystalline and amorphous solids, Water of crystallization

2.3.2   Efflorescence, Deliquesces, Hygroscopic, Seven types of crystal system, Simple cubic, face centered and body centered

3.   Atomic structure and Electronic theory of valency

3.1      Discovery, concept, Rutherford’s expt., Bohr’s model

3.2      de-Broglie equation, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle,       Probability concept, Quantum numbers

3.3      Pauli’s exclustion  principle, Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity, Aufbau principle and Bohr Bury rule, Octet rule

4.   Periodic Classification of Elements

4.1      Mendeleev’s periodic law and periodic table, Anomalies

4.2      Modern periodic law and modern periodic table, Advantage

5.   Oxidation and Reduction

5.1      Classical concept, Electronic interpretation, Oxidation number

5.2      Oxidising and reducing agent, Redox reaction

Group (B) INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

1.   Non-metals

1.1      Water, Ammonia, carbon, sulphur, Hydrogen sulphide, Sulphur dioxide, Sulphuric acid

1.2      Environmental Pollution – Air pollution, photochemical smog, Acid rain, water pollution, Green house effect

2.   Metal and Metallurgical Principles

2.1      Characteristics of metals, non-metals, metalloids, Minerals, ores and Metallurgical process

2.2      Calcinations, roasting, smelting

2.3.     Carbon reduction process, Thermite process, electrochemical reduction, Refining of metals: poling, electro-refinement

2.4      Important minerals deposit in Nepal

Group (C) ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

1.   Introduction to Organic Chemistry

1.1      Fundamental Principles, Nomenclature, Structure and Isomerism of Organic Compounds

1.2      Preliminary Idea of Reaction Mechanism

2.   Chemical Bonding and Shape of Molecules

2.1      Hybridization and Valence shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory  Valence shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory

2.2      Prediction of molecular geometry (Shape of molecules) on the basis of VSEPR and hybridization.(BeF₂­, BF₃, NH₃, H₂O, CH₄, H₂O, C₂H₂ C₂H₄ H₂S)

3.   Volumetric Analysis

3.1      Different ways of expressing the concentration of solutions

3.2      Titration

3.3      Standard substances and solutions (primary, secondary), Point (end, equivalence, neutral), indicators

4.   Ionic Equilibrium

4.1      Ionization of water and weak electrolyte (Ostwald’s dilution law), Degree of ionization and ionization constant

4.2      Acid base concept (Arrhenius, Bronsted Lowrry and Lewis)

4.3.     Hydrolysis of salts, Solubility product principle and its application, Common ion effects and its application

4.4.     Application of solubility product principle in qualitative analysis, Buffer Solution

5.   Alcohols and Phenols

5.1      Alcohols

5.1.1   Introduction, classification, nomenclature, isomerism, types, preparation (Lab and industrial) and properties

5.2      Phenols

5.2.1   Introduction, Preparation, Properties, test and uses

6.   Aldehydes and Ketones

6.1      Aliphatic Aldehydes and Ketones

6.1.1   Introduction, structure, nomenclature, isomerism, preparation, properties, test and uses

6.2      Aromatic Aldehydes and Ketones

6.2.1   Preparation, properties, important reactions

7.   Molecules of Life

7.1      definition, classification, structure, isomerism, properties, functions and significance of carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic acids and Enzymes

8.   Chemistry in Service to Mankind

8.1      Polymer – definition, natural and synthetic polymers, homopolymers and co-polymers, preparation of some polymers, PVC, polyethene, polystyrene, Teflon, Nylon-66, Bakelite and their uses

8.2      Dyes and drugs – definition, natural and synthetic dyes, names and structure of some common drug, drug addiction

8.3      Fertilizer – definition, chemical and organic fertilizers, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, fertilizer as pollutant

8.4      Pesticides – insecticides, herbicides, weedicides and fungicides (examples and their uses).

1.   Mechanics

1.1      General concept of physical quantities

1.2      Vector algebra

1.3      Laws of Motion, Application of Newton’s laws

1.4      Work, Energy and Power

1.5      Projectile motion

1.6      Circular Motion, Motion round a banked track and in vertical circle

1.7      Newton’s laws of gravitation, Variation of ‘g’ with altitude and depth, Satellites, Gravitational potential energy, Escape velocity, Black holes

1.8      Elasticity, Hooke’s law, Young modulus, Bulk modulus, Elastic potential energy

1.9      Oscillatory motion, Simple harmonic motions, Damped oscillation, Forced oscillation and resonance

1.10    General concept of surface tension and viscosity

2.   Heat and Thermodynamics

2.1      Concept of heat and temperature, Expansion of solid and liquid, Specific heat capacity, specific heat capacity of solid, Specific latent heat of fusion and its  measurements

2.2      Thermal conductivity and its determination by Searle’s method, Black body radiation, Stefan-Boltzmann law

2.3      Thermodynamic systems, First law of thermodynamics, Heat capacities of ideal gas at constant pressure and constant volume and relation between them, Isothermal and adiabatic processes for an ideal gas, Second law of thermodynamics

2.4      Hygrometry – Relative and absolute humidity, phase diagram and triple point

3.   Waves and Optics

3.1      Reflection & Refraction of light, Refractive index, Lateral shift, Minimum deviation through prism, Relation between angle of prism, minimum deviation and refractive index, Lenses, Combination of thin lenses in contact

3.2      Dispersion, Dispersive power, Achromatic lenses, Scattering of light, blue color of the sky

3.3      Optical instruments, Angular magnification, Compound microscope, Astronomical Telescope

3.4      Longitudinal and transverse waves, Progressive and stationary waves, Velocity of sound in medium, Laplace’s correction, Stationary waves in closed and open pipes, Harmonics and overtones in closed and open organ pipes, Resonance tube experiment, Laws of transverse vibration of a stretched string

3.5      Characteristics of sound, Intensity, loudness, quality and pitch, Beats, Doppler’s effect, Infrasonic and ultrasonic waves

3.6      Physical optics, Wave theory of light, Interference, Diffraction and Polarization, Coherent sources, Young’s double slit experiment, Diffraction grating, Brewster’s law

4.   Electricity and Magnetism

4.1      Coulomb’s law – Force due to point charges, Gauss law and its applications: Field of a charged sphere, Line charge; Potential due to a point charge, Electron volt, Capacitance of a  capacitor, Parallel plate capacitor, Combination of capacitors

4.2      Electric Currents, Drift velocity and its relation with current, Ohmic and Non-Ohmic resistance, Resistances in series and parallel, Electromotive force of a source, Internal resistance, Work and power in electrical circuits, Kirchhoff’s laws, Wheatstone Bridge circuit, Meter Bridge, Potentiometer

4.3      Magnetic field lines and magnetic flux, Force on moving charge, Force on conductor, Force and torque on rectangular coil, Ampere’s law and its application to i) a long straight conductor ii) a straight solenoid, Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction, Lenz’s law

4.4      AC through resistor, capacitor and inductor, Series circuits containing combination of resistor, capacitor and inductor, Series resonance, Choke coil

5.   Modern Physics

5.1      Electrons: Millikan’s oil drop experiment, Cathode rays and their properties; Motion of electron beam in electric and magnetic fields, Thomson’s experiment to determine specific charge of electrons

5.2      Quantum nature of radiation, Einstein’s photoelectric equation, Stopping potential

5.3      Intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductors, P-N Junction diode, Forward and reverse bias, Rectification, Zener diode

5.4      Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom, Spectral series, Excitation and ionization potentials, Energy level, de Broglie Theory, Duality, Uncertainly principle

5.5      Lasers – Properties and uses, X-rays: Production, properties and uses

5.6      Basic concepts of nucleus, Mass Defect and amu, Einstein’s mass-energy relation, Binding energy, Fission and fusion, Alpha-particles, Beta-particles, Gamma rays, Laws of radioactive disintegration, Half-life and decay constant, Health hazards and safety precautions

Make sure you carry your IDENTITY CARD with your Exam Roll number tagged to your white-coat. Make sure you carry your admit card.

1. Stethoscope: I need not explain the importance of this device. A must carry instrument without which it is impossible to pass a clinical exam practical. Used for chest auscultation, heart auscultation to bowel auscultation, this is vital for every students.

2.Sphygmomanometer: A blood pressure measurement device. Most Examiners would like to see students bring their own sphygmomanometer. Analog device will do good as they are portable and examiners prefer it.

3.Torch: A Pen-torch with yellow light is preferred over white light and larger torches. Used for examination of Pupillary reflexes, Eyes, Nose and Throat and for illumination tests. A must carry device as well.

4.Clinical Hammer: A plastic hammer with round head is preferred over the conventional metal hammer with rubber. It s required for examination of reflexes. A must carry device for students.

5. CNS kit- CNS kit comprises of 2 Tuning forks of 512 and 256 Hertz , Tubes with solutions to test Sour, sweet and salt sensation, a soap or ginger for smell sensation, cotton pieces or soft brush for sensory tests, and spatula. A CNS kit box available can be impressive during exams.

6. Measuring tape- A must in Pediatrics examination for measuring height, length, Head and chest circumference, Upper-lower segment ratio, abdominal girth and required even for measuring abdominal girth in ascites.

7. Two Scales ( Rulers)- to measure Jugular venous pressure.

8. Centile Charts- Weight, height, BP centile charts for children

For Residents

9. Ophthalmoscope - For ophthalmology,medicine, pediatrics residents

10. Otoscope- For ENT, Pediatrics residents.

Therefore, make sure you keep them ready before you go to Clinical Practical exam.