Newspapers report Dengue and Leptospirosis in Kathmandu,Nepal

Two cases of dengue fever have been found in Kathmandu. Dengue is caused by dengue virus (DenV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus. It is transmitted by Aedes mosquitos.
“This is the first discovery of dengue fever in the Kathmandu Valley even though the disease was detected in the Tarai and inner-Tarai districts some five years ago,” …

BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS:
are the most popularly used antibiotics. They are  any antibiotic agent that contains a β-lactam chain in the molecular structure. Penicillin is the prototype drug and once was a cure for almost anything. Sir Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin. It was a miracle discovery in history of Mankind.
Mechanism of Action:
-          Interfere with the synthesis of …

Smallpox is believed to have emerged in human populations about 10,000 BC. The disease killed an estimated 400,000 Europeans each year during the 18th century (including five monarchs), and was responsible for a third of all blindness. Of all those infected, 20–60%—and over 80% of infected children—died from the disease.
During the 20th century, it is estimated that smallpox was responsible …