Presentation on Etiological factors and Laboratory Diagnosis of Meningitis

Objective 1:

To list the important causative agents of meningitis.

TYPES OF MENINGITIS

Acute Pyogenic Meningitis
Aseptic Meningitis
Chronic Meningitis

Tuberculous
Fungal
Syphillitic
Protozoal
Helminthe

Causative agents of acute pyogenic meningitis
• Neonates
– Escherichia coli
– Group B streptococci
– Listeria monocytogenes
– Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Children
– Neisseria meningitidis
– Streptococcus pneumoniae,
– Haemophilus influenzae
• Adults
– Streptococcus pneumoniae,
– Neisseria meningitidis
• Elderly
– Listeria species
Causative …

Pathology is an interesting subject but it is as difficult as any other subjects in medical science like anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, etc. We all are made differently and we all have different way of learning or studying. The method that I use to study may or may not be suitable to you. Lectures, books, pictures and slides are the common …

BOOK LIST FOR MBBS BASIC SCIENCE
Which Books to study ?
We recommend -
ANATOMY
Textbooks:

Human Anatomy Vol. 0,1,2 and 3 – B.D Chaurasia (Indian Writer) – Widely studied by medical students in Nepal
Essentials of Human Anatomy – A K Dutta
Clinical Anatomy – Richard S Snell
Clinically Oriented Anatomy – Keith L Moore and Arthur F Dally

References:

Gray’s Anatomy For Students – Richard L Drake, …

Procedure, Indications and Hazards of Hysterosalphingography
HSG is an operative procedure whereby a radiographic study of the interior of the uterotubal anatomy is made using a contrast media.
Indications of HSG

To note the tubal patency in case of Infertility or following the tubal operation
To detect uterine malformation in the recurrent mid trimester abortion
To diagnose the cervical incompetency
To identify the translocated IUD …