Definition: A hypermetabolic state that occurs in genetically susceptible patients on exposure to a triggering agent.
Triggering agents:

Suxamethonium or Succinylcholine (Depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant)
All anesthetic volatile agents (eg. halothane)

Biochemical basis:
It is inherited as an autosomal dominant condition and caused by loss of normal Ca2+ homeostasis at some point along the excitation-contraction coupling process on exposure to triggering agents. Most likely site …

Spinal anesthesia, also known as Subarachnoid blockade or Spinal block is a type of regional anesthesia in which the lower half of the body is anesthetized by injecting an anesthetic agent in the subarachnoid space surrounding the spinal cord.
A. Indications:

Transurethral prostatectomy (a block to T10 is required because of innervation of the bladder)
Hysterectomy
Hernia repair
Caesarean section (block to T6)
Evacuation of retained …

Strychnine (Kuchila) is an alkaloid prepared from the seeds of Nux vomica tree. It is a colorless crystal with bitter taste (hence not ideal as homicidal poison). It is used to kill ‘pests’, from earthworms to dogs. There is no justification for its continued use or even manufacture, as it has no longer any place in medical treatment (used in …

Arsenic itself is not poisonous; it is the compounds of arsenic, particularly arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide (sankhya or somalkhar) and various arsenites of Cu, Na and K that are toxic to the humans. Arsenic trioxide is a component of fruit sprays, weed-killers, dyeing agents, insecticides, rat poisons, etc. and also a medical preparation called Fowler’s solution (used in past …

Definition: Most common benign neoplasm of female genital tract composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue that is hormonally responsive (Growth ↑ in pregnancy and ↓ after menopause).
Gross pathology:

Discrete, round, firm, irregularly lobulated and often multiple.
Enlarged uterus
Smooth and white cut surface with whorled appearance
False capsule: pinkish color
Center of tumor is least vascular and likely to degenerate

Risk factors:

Nulliparity
Obesity
Hyperestrogenic state
Black race

Types:

Types
Features

Intramural
Within uterine …